Diet for gastritis accelerates the restoration of the stomach lining. With its help, the success of treatment is also increased, the recurrence of inflammatory processes in the organ and the complications of the disease are prevented. What diet is necessary for gastritis?
Since the pathology can be acute, chronic, several stages and patients have different levels of acidity, the therapeutic nutrition is also different.
Basic rules of food consumption
For gastritis, the diet can be strict, gentle and preventive (every day during remission). The type of nutrition is selected according to the established form and stage of the disease, as well as related pathologies (diabetes, heart attack, obesity, and so on). Therapeutic tablets for gastritis and other diseases were developed back in 1929. Today, in connection with new research results, the dietary regime has been slightly supplemented, and some products have been excluded because their production does not comply with GOST standards.
What therapeutic nutrition is used for gastritis:
- Table No. 1. Prescribed for gastritis with normal and high acidity in the attenuation phase, and in the case of acute gastritis - in the recovery phase. Also used for stomach and duodenal ulcers.
- Table No. 1-a. Used for acute gastritis or sharp exacerbation of chronic gastritis. Also used for ulcers and burns in the esophagus.
- Table no. 1-b. Prescribed for gastritis and ulcers during the anesthetic process.
- Table No. 2. Used for chronic and acute gastritis with low acidity after the exacerbation has been eliminated. It is also used for diseases of the intestines.
- Table No. 5. Prescribed during convalescence for acute gastritis with cholecystitis. This diet is also used for cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis.
- Preferred food choice (ATS). A balanced diet for gastritis patients is created on the basis of tablesNo. 1─1-вand is used in daily life to prevent seizures.
If there are concomitant pathologies, then it is recommended to choose food for a diet with the help of a doctor. He will make the foodon tables, which are based on a diet for gastritis, but with corrections for diseases of the digestive tract, other internal organs, metabolic disorders and hormonal disorders.
Rules for eating food for gastritis
Proper nutrition for gastritis consists of observing principles such as food processing technology, setting, frequency, selection of products and calorie content, control of food temperature, time of use. They must be monitored not only during treatment but also at home to avoid re-inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
Food processing technology
For any kind of diseases like gastritis the diet should includeboiled,idle,steam,baked in aluminum foilorsleeve on the right. When gastritis worsens, food (all food) should be mashed until it is pureed. Frying food until crispy is prohibited.
If you have gastritis, you should not use breadcrumbs or flour for frying. During the cooking process, they form a rough crust on food, which if it enters the digestive tract is poorly digested and can increase inflammation and pain.
Mode and frequency
How to eat with gastritis in the stomach? In the case of pathology in the gastrointestinal tract and other digestive organs, divided meals must be prescribed so as not to load the stomach with a large amount of food. Therefore, the entire daily dose is divided into5─6 times: 2 breakfasts (morning, lunch), lunch, dinner, snack (afternoon snack, before bed).
A diet for gastritis involves consuming high-quality, properly prepared foods at specific times of the day. One has to eat small portions according to a certain schedule. This allows the stomach to work gently and the body to receive all the necessary substances in a timely manner.
A selection of products and calories for gastritis
The energy value of the therapeutic table is designed for patients in a hospital or sanatorium. Because in everyday life, when a person has to work and exercise a lot, he has to adjust the calorie content of the food according to his physical needs. The table below shows the types of products on which the gastritis diet is based, what you can eat and what you can't eat.
| Power type | What food can you eat? | What foods should you not eat? |
|---|---|---|
| Wheat | High-quality and first-class white bread (dried), tasty baked pies with fillings (fish, fruit, cottage cheese, jam, rice and eggs). | Fresh bread of all kinds, rich, seasoned or flaky cakes, pancakes, any product made from rye flour, breadcrumbs. |
| Corn | Semolina, rice, buckwheat, oatmeal. | You cannot make side dishes or soups from pearl barley, legumes, millet, corn, barley, durum wheat pasta. |
| Meat | Boiled, baked or steamed lean fillets of rabbit, beef, veal, young lamb, as well as chicken, chicken, turkey (poultry is cooked without skin), liver and tongue. Chops, meatballs, pâtés, meatballs and soufflés are made from meat. | Fish stew, fried meat dishes, pork, as well as fatty, stringy or sinewy poultry, lamb, beef. |
| Fish | Skinless boiled or steamed low-fat fish. | Canned food, herring, smoked, fried and fatty fish, caviar. |
| Milk and milk products | Acidophilus, acidophilus milk (purchased or homemade with sourdough), cottage cheese, kefir, cream, sour cream, fermented baked milk, yogurt. Products should not be greasy or sour in taste. Cheese pancakes, muffins, casseroles and puddings are made from fermented milk products. | Hard cheeses with added spices, herbs, feta cheese, sour-tasting dairy products. |
| Eggs | Chicken and quail eggs soft boiled. | Fried or hard-boiled eggs. |
| Fat | Refined vegetable oils, unsalted butter or ghee. | Unrefined vegetable oils, pork, chicken fat, margarine, lard. |
| Vegetables | Green beans, boiled, boiled and baked potatoes, cauliflower, beets, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini. You can eat non-acidic tomatoes (yellow and pink), as well as baked vegetable cutlets. | All pickled, pickled, canned, salted vegetables. Fresh cucumbers, onions, beets, radishes, horseradish, sorrel, radishes, garlic. Exclude cabbage or red cabbage, spinach, as well as fried potatoes and mushrooms from the menu. |
| Fruit | Grated non-acidic fruits (bananas, pears), sultanas, heat-treated apples, sweet jellies, mousses and jellies. A little berry puree with sugar (blackberries, strawberries, blueberries). | Sour taste, unripe and unheated berries, fruits, fruits. You cannot eat pomegranates, citrus fruits, dates, grapes. |
| First meal | Puree soup (with pureed ingredients): vegetables, milk, cereal, meat in another broth. | Mushroom soups, okroshka, rich borscht, rassolnik, kharcho, cabbage soup. Dishes prepared in concentrated vegetable, meat and fish broth. |
| Decorate | Porridge is cooked in water or milk. It is permissible to eat fried cutlets, vermicelli, small shells, soufflé and pudding. | Side dishes made from grains, pasta and vegetables that are not recommended for consumption. |
| Snacks | Vegetable and fruit salads, grated mild and unsalted cheese. | Lard, smoked meat, sausage, boiled pork, canned and canned snack foods, pickled dishes. |
| Sauces | Milk, sour cream fillings and sauces. | Mustard sauces, adjika, mayonnaise, vinegar. |
| Juices and decoctions | Sweet, unconcentrated (diluted) fresh juice from unfermented berries, fruits, fruits, as well as a decoction of wheat bran, rose hips and herbal infusions. | Acidic types of juices, decoctions. |
| Sweets | Jam without sourness, marshmallow, honey, Uzbek Navat, butter cream, white marshmallow. | Ice cream, halva, chocolate products, pastry cream, cakes, muffins. |
| Drinks | Unsweetened black, green tea and coffee with added milk, cream, milk shake, jelly, cocoa. Mineral, medical and table water without gas. | Beer, alcoholic and low-alcohol drinks, all carbonated sweet or mineral water, pure cocoa, strong coffee and tea without added milk or cream. |
Food temperature control
Food for gastritis of all types should not be very hot or cold. For the proper functioning of the stomach, the optimal food temperature is36─37 °C,and acceptable – from15°C to 60°C.Cold food is less easily removed from the organ, in addition, it loads the antrum and causes a feeling of heaviness, and too hot food burns the inflamed mucosa, so that ulcers can appear on it.
Duration of use of therapeutic nutrition
How long does a gastritis diet last? This directly depends on the type of pathology, the degree of damage to the membrane and the speed of recovery. Therefore, the duration of the diet is determined by the doctor. Typically, a strict diet lasts 5-7 days, a mild diet lasts up to 21 days. The use of therapeutic nutrition for preventive purposes can last up to 2-4 months. If the patient is diagnosed with atrophic gastric disease, it is likely that he will have to follow the diet for the rest of his life.
Dietary treatment for high acidity and gastritis
A diet for gastritis and heartburn is selected based on those products that do not cause an increase in secretions, but help to relieve inflammation and heal the mucous membrane.
If you have high acidity, it is advisable to drink freshly squeezed potato juice every month for 7 days. It is taken 125 ml on an empty stomach before the first breakfast and then eaten 60 minutes later.
What to eat for gastritis in the stomach with acidity above normal:
- cooked meat (chicken, rabbit, beef);
- lean steamed fish fillet;
- vegetable puree with added butter (ghee, butter);
- steamed protein omelets, boiled eggs;
- milk, fermented baked milk, cream;
- baked sweet fruit;
- milk jelly, jelly;
- biscuit
Among grains, it is advisable to consume more buckwheat, and among dairy products, it is better to choose products made from goat's milk. All these dishes delay secretion and prevent heartburn.
Nutrition for indigestion and gastritis
A diet for gastritis in the stomach with subnormal acidity should include bitterness, which stimulates the production of juices and stimulates appetite. But during attacks, you should not eat a lot of high-fiber vegetables and fruits.
What diet should you follow for gastritis with low acidity:
- it is permissible to consume more meat and fish dishes, broth;
- you can eat soaked herring, fried or baked cutlets, vegetables;
- Finely chopped vegetables and lightly salted cucumbers are added to the food;
- drink vegetable and multi-fruit juices, stomach herbal tea;
- diluted, boiled milk (drink fresh milk only if it is well tolerated).
Gastric secretion improves if food intake begins with salad. During an exacerbation, it is advisable to drink heated cabbage juice. Drink 125 ml three times a day 60 minutes before eating.
Diet for the acute development of gastritis
The list of foods that are eaten for gastritis during the period of acute exacerbation of the disease comes down to boiled liquid purees and low-calorie foods. As the tissues heal, grated heat-treated vegetables, ground meat and whole grains are gradually added to the menu. When this is possible, your doctor will tell you. During exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane, the principle of nutrition is the same.
A strict diet for gastritis with acute symptoms occurs in stages:
- In the beginning, a full daily fast is recommended. You can drink warm boiled water (1 tablespoon every 5-15 minutes until the thirst is quenched).
- After 24 hours, a strict diet for patients with gastritis is supplemented with oatmeal soup (mucosal), herbal tea (stomach infusion), rosehips and unconcentrated chicken broth.
- On the 3rd day, milk porridge and/or grated rice porridge, jelly, sweet compote and low-fat milk are added to the menu.
- After eliminating the pain syndrome and other acute symptoms of the pathology, white crackers, steamed fish, omelette and meatballs are added to the diet for gastritis.
When the inflammation subsides, grated food is included in the menu, and then the patient is transferred to a bland diet. Usually table no. 1-b assigned first and then no.
Nutrition in the attenuation phase of gastritis
A soft diet for gastritis is prescribed in the case of mild pathology, as well as after the removal of acute symptoms. The menu should consist only of properly prepared, easily digestible dishes, but it must be a complete diet.
How to eat right with gastritis every day during a gentle diet:
- energy value of food - 2200-2900 kcal;
- salt - 6 g;
- animal fat and vegetable fat - from 75 to 100 g;
- protein - 85-100 g;
- carbohydrates - 250-400 g;
- free liquid - 1-1, 5 l.
You can't break your diet or skip soups. A mild diet for gastritis does not contain products that mechanically load the organs or irritate the mucous membrane (rough food, uncut meat, raw berries, etc. ).
The recommended daily diet for chronic gastritis in the acute phase or acute gastritis after the attack is light:
- The first breakfast: mashed oatmeal with water, yogurt.
- Lunch(11: 00─11: 30): baked apple with cottage cheese, weak sweet tea diluted with milk.
- Dinner: potato and carrot puree soup, buckwheat porridge, meatballs, bread with rabbit meat pate, compote.
- Snacks: milk jelly, pureed sweet cottage cheese.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge with butter, herbal tea.
- Half an hour before bed: 250 ml of yogurt or skimmed milk.
Of all the foods eaten for gastritis, fried foods, spicy dishes, and minced chops are excluded during a mild diet. Salt intake is also limited.
Recipes and sample menu for a week for gastritis
A therapeutic diet for gastritis consists of soups, cereals, noodles, which are added to other boiled, steamed or boiled dishes. Meat, vegetables and lean fish are suitable for their preparation. During the day, snacks for gastritis are mainly prepared fromdry biscuit,sandwiches with pâté,grated cheesetea,compote,jelly. In the evening, it is advisable to consume fermented dairy products and milk.
Quick recipes that include a diet for the stomach for gastritis:
- Slamming soup. Ingredients: 40 g washed rice, 200 g chicken broth, 400 g water. Preparation: Boil the cereal in water at a low temperature for 60 minutes, sieve, mash the rice, mix everything together, salt and boil again. Served with butter.
- Beef meatballs. In each portion, take 200 g of meat, 10 g of butter, 10 g of wet crust, a little salt and milk. Preparation: Mince the beef and the bun twice, add the rest of the ingredients, form meatballs and steam.
- Milk jelly. In each portion, take 150 g of milk, 25 g of sugar, 30 g of starch (diluted with water). Preparation: Add the rest to the boiled milk, stir and remove from the heat. 100 g of unconcentrated berry juice is served separately with the chilled jelly.
The table below shows what you can eat if you have gastritis. This is the estimated menu for a week while the disease subsides.
| Look at | Example of a menu by day of the week | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon | VT | MR | Thursday | PT | SB | Sun | |
| 8: 00 a. m | Milk-rice porridge, herbal tea. | 2 boiled eggs and oatmeal, jelly. | Noodle soup with milk, cutlets, tea. | Buckwheat porridge with boiled meat, compote. | Rice, jelly tongue, jelly. | Milk porridge with oatmeal, tea. | Mashed potatoes, vegetable cutlets, jelly. |
| 10: 00 lunch | Short dessert with berry puree, sour cream, 250 ml of jelly. | Applesauce with honey, compote. | Rice soufflé, tea. | Roasted carrots, tea. | Shirts dessert, tea. | Fruit salad, compote. | Cottage cheese, fermented baked milk. |
| 12: 00 lunch | Vegetable puree soup, steam cutlet, buckwheat stew. | Soup with fish fillet, rice porridge, milk mousse. | Chicken breast soup, stuffed peppers, tea. | Vegetable soup with meat, stew, compote. | Buckwheat soup, mashed potatoes, cutlets, compote. | Pumpkin puree soup, baked meat with carrots, tea. | Fish soup, buckwheat with salad, compote. |
| 14: 00 | 250 ml of Brussels sprouts, navat. | Cheese pot, compote. | Marshmallows, apple compote. | Lazy dumplings, acidophilus milk. | Cheesecakes with tea. | Stew, tea. | Krupenik, herbal tea. |
| 4: 00 p. m | Apple, milk tea. | Galette cookies with herbal tea. | Shirt pudding, milk. | Cottage cheese, fermented baked milk. | Milk souffle with tea. | 250 ml kefir | Acidophilus, pudding, tea. |
| 18: 00 dinner | Steamed fish, baked potatoes. | Noodles with cottage cheese, compote. | Semolina with milk, tea. | Boiled potatoes with vegetable salad, tea. | Rice with apples, compote. | Boiled fish, potatoes, tea. | Stewed vegetables with meat, compote. |
| 20: 00 before bed | 250 ml yogurt | 250 ml milk | 250 ml ryazhenka | 250 ml milkshake | 250 ml kefir | 250 ml acidophilus milk | 250 ml milk jelly |
The crux of the matter
Which diet is right for gastritis and accompanying pathology will be advised by your doctor. If inflammation of the gastric mucosa is not complicated by other diseases, then the daily menu is based on tabletsNo. 1, 2. When choosing dishes, you also need to remember how to eat with gastritis in the stomach at each stage of the disease.